Tractor



P 2, 1941- c. E. FRLJDDEN ETAL TRACTOR Filed May 1'7, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet l P 2, 1941- c. FRUDDEN ETAL 2,254,358

- TRACTOR Filed May 17, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 0 A l m:

Sept. 2, 1941.

c. E. FRUDDEN} EIIAL TRACTOR Filed May 1'7, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 NW w M Sept. 2, 1941.. .c. E. FRUDDEN ET AL v2,254,358 v TRACTOR File d May 17, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 p 2', 1941- c. E. FRUDDEN ETAL 2,254,358

TRACTOR Filed May 17, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 yatented Sept. 2, 1941 TRACTOR Conrad E. Frudden and Walter F. strehlow, Wauwatosa, Wis, assignors to Allis-Chalmers Mann.

factoring Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Delaware Applicatlon'May 1?, 1939, Serial No. 274,184

' 29 Claims. (01. 180-54) The invention relates to motor vehicles, and it is concerned more specifically with the construction and arrangment of the vehicular and motive constituents thereof.

In tractors for farm use it has heretofore been .common practice to mount thepropelling wheels on an upwardly arched -rear axle structure and at such axial spacing from each other that they may straddle at least two plant rows when the tractor is being used for row-crop cultivation and similar field operations. This arrangement has been found not only desirable for the purpose of covering a relatively wide ground area in one operation, but also necessary for the reason that the body of the tractor, forwardly of the rear axle structure, had to occupy a position above the space between two relatively adjacent plant rows in order to expose the plant rows at opposite sides of said body to the vision of a driver seated at the rear of the tractor. In tractors of this kind, which are known as row-crop" tractors, the frame-type as well as the framelesstype of construction have been used. In the frame-type of construction a pair of side channels extend forwardly from the transverse upper part of the arched rear axle structure, and the motor is mounted between forward portions of the side channels; mechanism for transmitting power from the motor to the rear wheels, such as a master clutch and change speed gearing, is

mounted between the side channels rearwardly of the motor and forwardly of the rear axle structure. In the frameless-type of construction the motor unit and the clutch and transmission casings are directly connected to form a rigid body which is supported at its rear on the arched axle structure without the use of side channels or other frame members. Both of these types of constructions, as heretofore employed, have made it difilcult for the driver to see the ground area directly under the tractor body in advance of the rear axle structure since the motor unit and the intervening structures between the motor 7 unit and the rear axle structure have been such as to make it impossible for the driver to see that ground area from his normal position on the seat, and he had to lean over uncomfortably to one side or ,the other in order to look under the tractor body in advance of the rear axle strucr in a novel construction and arrangement of the vehicular and motive constituents of the tractor, so as to aiford a better visibility of the ground, forwardly of the rear axle structure, than is afforded by the conventional row-crop tractors referred to hereinbefore. In this connection it is a more specific. object of the invention to provide an improved tractor which affords to a driver sitting in a normal and convenient posture on the tractor, a sufliciently broad range of vision so as to include a plant row extending longitudinally of the tractor centrally between the propelling wheels, or more strictly stated, a

substantial portion of such plant row immediately forwardly of the rear axle structure. It will be appreciated that a construction which enables the driver to observe a central plant row conveniently from his normal position on the seat and which makes it unnecessary for him to lean over uncomfortably to one side or the other in order to see, at short range, a substantial length of such a plant row, is particularly desirable in a tractor intended for one-rowwork, and in which the propelling wheels are spaced so as to straddle only one plant row. An especially desirabiefield of application of the invention may, therefore, be stated as being in one-row tractors, but it is not intended to limit the invention to that field of application since the invention possesses features which may also be used advantageously in multiple-row and other tractors.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved arched rear axle structure and support for the drive mechanism of the propelling wheels. One of the specific improvements con-' templated by the invention in this connection is the provision of two single-piece L-shaped hollow supports secured-to opposite sides of an intermediate housing, such as the differential housing. In the improved construction, a transverse drive shaft is mounted on a horizontal portion of each L-shaped support, and an axle shaft carrying a driving gear and the propelling wheel at the f respective side of the tractor is mounted on a vertical portion of each L-shaped support. The construction is such as to eliminate the usual vertical splits in the final drive casings. The improved construction also includes removable oil pans which are secured to the vertical portions of the L-shaped supports, at each side of the axle structure, and which permit convenient inspection of the gears on the axle shafts.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of the intervening andtherearaxlestructure. Inapr ferredembodiment of the invention the motor and rear axle structure are detachably secured. respective- 1!, to forward and rearward ends of an intervening tubular member, and the mechanism for transmitting power from the motor to the propolling wheels includes a relatively long propeller shaft within said tubular member, and a driven shaft journaled in angularly fixed position on the rear axle structure. The invention contemplates a flexible driving connection between the propeller shaft and the driven shaft, which permits angular displacement of the propeller shaft relative to the driven shaft within relatively wide limits, so that the tubular member may be assembled with and disassembledfrom. the rear 1 2,254,858 drive and supporting structure between the motor on line ix-rx of Fig. 1 and showing parts omittedinl'ig. 1;

Fig. 10 is a view on line x-x of Fig. 9;

Fig. llisasideview ofarimclamp;

Fig. 12 is a front view of the front axle structure ofthetractorshowninFlgJ;

Fig. 13 is an enlarged section on line X[II xm of Fig. 1;

Figs. 14 and are enlarged detail views of an L-shaped support forming part of the rear axle structure of the tractor shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 14 being a view looking .at the support from the side 1 of the tractor, and Fig, 15 being a bottom view;

axle structure, or the portionthereof supporting the driven shaft, by telescopic movement of the tubular member over the propeller shaft, without liability of bending the propeller shaft, the latter, being connected with the driven shaft prior to the mentioned assembly and remaining connected with the driven shaft during disassembly of the tubular member from the rear axle structure or from the part thereof supporting the driven shaft. The mentioned flexible connection is also desirable because the propeller shaft and driven shaft may not be in perfect alinement after the motor and rear axle structure are secured to the tubular member, considering the need for some play in the detachable connections securing the tubular member to the motor and to the rear axle structure, and in case of such misalinement the flexible connection will prevent binding of thedriven shaft in its bearings.

A still further object of the invention is to provide atractor which is simple and compact in construction, efllcient in operation, and which lends itself to mass production at relatively low costs.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention. Referring to the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification, and in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the various views:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a one-row tractor, the left rear wheel and part of the rear axle structure at the left side of the tractor being omitted for a better disclosure of the rearv part of the tractor;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged side view, partly in section, of a torque tube assembly forming part of the tractor shown in Fig.1; 7

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view .of part of the clutch mechanism shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a section on line IV-IV of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a-sectlon on line V-V of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a transmission and power takeoff assembly forming partof'the tractor shown in Fig. 1, the transmission assembly being shown insection on a vertical plane extending centrally and'longitudinally of the tractor;

Fig. 'I is a top view, partly in section, of the assembly shown in Fig. 6, the power takeoff mechanism being omitted in this view;

Fig. 8 is a section on line VIIIVlI[ of Fig. 7; Fig. 9 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, through part of the rear axle structure of the tractor shown in Fig. l, the section being, taken Fig. 16 is a top view of the rear end of the tractor shown in Fig. 1, the propelling wheels, seat cushion, seat back and fenders being omitted in Fig.

Fig. 17 is a rear view of a fuel tank bracket shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 18 is a schematic view illustrating a step in the assembly of the tractor shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 19 is a perspective rear view of the tractor shown in Fig. 1, the view being taken from a point rearwardly and above the tractor; and

Figs. 20 to 23, inclusive, are detail views showing different wheel adjustments.

Referring to Figs. 1, 12 and 19, the tractor shown isof the frameless type and has axially spaced front wheels 1 and 2 which are mounted on opposite ends of an upwardly arched front axle 3 by means of steering knuckles 4 and 5, respectively. Upper arms of the steering kunckles are connected by a tie rod 6 which is also arched upwardly so as to leave the ground clearance afforded by the upwardly arched front axle 3 sub-' stantially unobstructed. A plate I is secured to the forward end of a motor block 8 by bolts extending through bolt holes I, and a pivot pin 9 secured to the plate 1 extends through the upper transverse portion of the front axle 3, permitting transverse rocking movement of the front axle relative to the motor unit. A collar Ill secured to the pin 9 retains the front axle 3 against axial displacement on the pin 9. The motor block 8 forms part of an internal combustion engine which is of generally conventional design and therefore requires -no detailed description, the crank shaft i I of the engine being indicated in dotted linesin Fig. 1. A radiator and shell I! are supportingly connected with the motor block by a suitable bracket stucture (not shown), and a hood I3 is supported at its forward end on the radiator sheell l2. A bottom opening of the motorblock 8 is closed by an oil pan M. It will be noted that the wheeled front axle cooperates with a forward portion of the engine and with the ground to support the engine unit of the tractor.

Secured to the rear end of the motor block 8 by means of bolts I5 is a torque tube casing l6 which is shown more clearly in Fig. 2. The torque tube casing It has a circumferential wall which forms a rearwardly tapering bell housing immediately adjacent to the engine and a rearward tubular extension of the reduced end of the bell housing, the tubular extension of the bell housing being of substantial length longitudinally of the tractor and of relatively short width transversely of the tractor, as may be seen from Figs. 1, 13, 16, and 19. The bell shaped or flared forward portion of the torque tube casing extends over a flywheel and clutch assembly at the rear of the motor block 8, as best shown in Fig. 2. The crank shaft II has a flange IT to which a flywheel I8 is secured by means of bolts IS. The

driven member of the clutch mechanism consists, as usual. of a friction disk 23, and a pressure ring 2| cooperates with the disk and a series of coil springs 22 to press the disk into contact with the rear face of the flywheel IS. The coil springs 22 hear at their rear ends upon a shell member 23 which is secured to the flywheel l8 and also furnishes a support for a suitable clutch actuating mechanism, details of which are shown more clearly in Fig. 3. This mechanism is of the type generally used in automotive design and includes three clutch actuating arms 24 which are mounted 120 degrees apart on rearwardly extending lugs 25 of the pressure ring 2| by means of pivot pins 25. The arms 24 have rocking contact with adjustable studs 21 which are mounted on the shell 23, suitable springs 28 being provided to urge the arms rearwardly about their pivot connections 26.

Integrallyformed with the torque tube casing is an internal cross member 23 which is more clearly shown in Fig. 4 and has a central hub portion 30 coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the torque tube casing l6. Press-fitted into a bore of the hub 30 is a tube 3| which serves as a support for the shifting collar of the clutchmechanism, the collarcomprising a sleeve 32 and a thrust ring 33 which is rotatably mounted on the sleeve by means of series of balls, the ring 33 engaging the inner ends of the clutch actuating arms 24. The shift mechanism for the shifting collar comprises a ball 34 which, as shown in Fig. 5, is pivoted on a transverse pin 35 mounted in internal lugs 35 of the torque tube casing I6. The arms ofthe ball 34 are connected with the sleeve 32 by means of studs 31 carrying rollers 38 within, vertical slots at opposite sides of the sleeve 32. An operating rod 39 for the clutch is secured at its forward end to a pin 4|! mounted .on the lower end of the ball 34. As shown in Figs. 2 and 5, the bell housing which forms the forward part of the torque tube casing l6 has a bottom opening l6 below the shifting collar and actuating bail 34, the bottom opening it, affording access to these and otherparts of the clutch mechanism for service purposes, such as greasing and adjusting.

Forward movement of the clutch actuating rod 39 will cause forward shifting movement of the sleeve 32 on the tube 3| and corresponding rocking movement of the clutch actuating arms 24 on the shell 23. As a result of such rocking movement of the arms 24 the pressure ring 2| will be moved rearwardly against the pressure of the coil springs 22 and the frictional engagement between the flywheel l8 and the friction disk- 20 will be released so that the flywheel may rotate independently of the disk 20.

A propeller shaft 4| is piloted at its forward end in a bushing 42 of the flywheel |8 and has a splined portion rearwardly of its pilot journal which extends through the internally splined hub of the friction disk 23, the splines on the propeller shaft 4| cooperating with the internal splines of the hub of the friction disk to secure the disk non-rotatably to the shaft but permitting ready withdrawal of the propeller shaft from the hub. It should also be noted that the diameter of the portion of the propeller shaft extending through the tube 3| is somewhat smaller than the internal diameter of the sleeve 3| so that the propeller shaft will have no bearing contact with the tube 3| and will be supported at its forward end solely within the bushing 42 of the flywheel l8.

A transmission and differential casing 43 is bolted to the rear end of the torque tube I, the

transmission and difierential casing and its enclosed mechanism being more clearly shown in 7 -wardly of the roller bearings 41 and 43 in roller bearings 49 and 50, respectively, these latter roller bearings being mounted in an internal transverse wall 5| of the casing 43. 48 forms the variable speedshaft of a change speed mechanism enclosed within the forward portion of the housing 43, this mechanism being of the shiftable gear type and including shifting gears 52 and 53 on the driven shaft 45 and nonshii'table gears 54, 55 and 56 on the drive shaft 45. For first speed forward the shiftable gear 53 is moved into mesh with the low speed pinion 56 on the drive shaft. For second speed forward 'the shiftable gear 52 is moved into mesh with the second speed gear 55 on the drive shaft 45, and for third or high speed forward the shiftable gear 52 is axially shifted into clutching engagement with an idler gear 51 on the driven shaft 46. The. idler gear 51, which is rotatably mounted on the forward portion of the driven shaft 45, is in constant mesh with the gear 54 tergear 59, and the gears 58 and 5 9 are rotatably mounted on a shaft 50 mounted on internal wall portions of the transmission casing 43. A longitudinal bore 60' in the shaft 60 communicates with pockets 44 and 44' of the casing 43,

the pocket 44 receiving lubricant raised by the gear 54, and the pocket 44' having a suitable outlet, not shown, to admit lubricant to the rearward roller bearing 49'. For reverse drive the gear 53 is shifted into mesh with the countergear 59 which will rotate the driven shaft 46 in a direction opposite to that in which said shaft is rotated by engagement of the gears 52 and 53 with the gears 55 and 56, respectively. The shifting mechanism for the gears 52 and 53 includes shifting forks BI and 62 indicated in Fig. 7 which are slidably mounted on shafts 63 and 54, respectively. A universally movable gear shift lever 65 is mounted on the top wall of the casing 43. and selectively engageable with the shifting forks 6| and 62 in the usual manner. The

casing 43 has a side opening closed by cover 66 indicated in Fig. 7 for the purpose of insertion and removal of thegears.

The rearward portion of the transmission and differential casing 43 has sideopenings in which bearing retainers 61 and 68 are mounted as shown in Fig. 8. A differential cage 63 has opposite journal portions which are mounted in the bearing retainers El and 68 by means of roller bearings") and H, and a beveled ring gear 12 is secured to a radial flange of the differential cage 69 by means of rivets l3. Internally splined differential bevel pinions l4 and 15 are rotatably mounted on the differential cage 69, the pinions l4 and'15 having tubular hub extensions which are rotatably fitted into counterbores of the dif- The driven shaft bevel pinions I8 and I1 cooperating with the differential pinions I4 and 15 are mounted on a pinion shaft 18 which is secured at its opposite ends within the differential cage 88. The ring gear 12 meshes with a beveled pinion I8 which is integrally formed with the driven shaft 48 at the rear end of the latter.

The transmission and differential casing 43 has a large rearward opening "which, as shown in-Fig. 6, is covered'by a cap housing 8| enclosing power takeoff mechanism. The drive shaft 45 extends' rearwardly through :the portion of the casing 43 enclosing the differential mechanism and projects into the cap housing II, the rear end of the drive shaft 45 being jolrrnaled in a bearing of the cap housing, not shown. A power takeoff shaft 83 is mounted in the cap housing 8| and carries a combined spur and bevel gear 84, 85, the bevel gear portion 85 of the combined gear meshing with a bevel gear on a belt pulley shaft 88- Slidably mounted on a splined portion of the drive shaft 45 is a pinion 82 adapted to be shifted into and out of mesh with the spur g'ear portion 84 of the combined gear 84, 85, engagement and disenga ement of the gears 82 and 84 drivingly connecting and disconnecting the drive shaft 45 with the power takeoff shaft 83 and with the'belt pulley shaft 85. A

protecting sleeve 81 for the end of the power takeoff shaft projecting from the cap housing 8| is detachably secured to the rear wall of the cap housing 8| and may be removed if it is desired to connect the power takeofl' shaft with any driven machinery. Abelt pulley 88 is secured to the outer end of the belt pulley shaft 85 as shown in Figs. 1 and 16. Features of the power takeoff mechanism herein disclosed but not claimed are claimed in a copending application of C. E. Frudden, Serial No. 27 519, filed May 19, 1939, for Power take-off.

The forward end of the drive shaft 45 projects forwardly from the transmission and diflerential casing 43 into the torque tube casing I8, and

'the rear end of the propeller shaft 4| is drivingly connected with the forward end of the drive shaft 45 by means of a universal joint as shown in Fig. 2. The joint comprises a forked driving member 88 which is suitably secured to the rear end of the propeller shaft 4|, preferably by welding, and a driven member 88 which is non-rotatably secured to the drive shaft 45, the hub of the driven member 88 being internally splined and fitted upon'the splined forward portion of the drive shaft 45 and retained thereon against axial displacement by a pin 8|. The driving and driven members 88 and 80 of the universal joint are connected, respectively, to an intermediate cross member 82 as is usual in universal joints of the type here shown and which are known as gimbal joints. It will be seen that the rear end of the propeller shaft 4| is supported on.

the drive shaft 45 by means of the universal joint, and that the joint will prevent binding of the drive shaft 45 inits bearings 41 and 48 ii, upon assembly of the motor block 8, torque tube casing I5 and transmission and differential casing 43, the drive shaft 45 and crank shaft II should not be in perfect alinement.

The transmission and differential casing 43 forms part of an upwardly arched rear axle structure for the rear wheels 83 and 84 of the tractor. Referring to Figs. 9 and 16, the casing 43 is positioned between two L-shaped supports,

- one of which is an exact duplicate of the other,

, II8 by a nut II5 on the inner end of the axle and a detailed description of one of these supports -will therefore be sumclent. Studs 55 are mounted in threaded holes a (Fig. 0 0: the casing 48 and extend through flange portions of the respective L-shaped support, nuts 81 on the studs securing the l,-shaped support in fixed position 3 the casing 43. The upper transverse portion ofthe tubular housing afinal drivecasingis formed by wall-portions 88 and Ill integrally formed with and depending from the tubular portion 88. The wall portions 88 and I are integrally connected by transverse wall portions III, I02 which merge with the tubular portion 88, and an oblong opening I83 is formed at the bottom of the final drive casing between the side walls 88 and I80 and the end walls IOI, I02. The outer side wall I80 of the final drive casing has a bearing boss I00 above the bottom opening I83, and the inner side wall 88 of the final drive casing has a bearing opening 88' as best shown in Fig. 9. Rotatably mounted within the bearing boss I00 and the bearing opening 88' by means of inner and outer roller bearings I05, I04 is an axl shaft I05. The outer roller hearing has an inner race I08. which is seated against a spring ring I01 on the axle shaft I06, and an outer race I08 seated against a spring ring III in the bearing boss I00. The inner roller bearing has an outerrace III seated against a spring ring H2 in the bearing opening 88', and an inner race I I3 seated against a washer II4 which is drawn up against the inner race shaft I 85. The nut H5 is adjusted so as to afford free running of the axle shaft in the roller bearings while retaining the axle shaft against axial displacement. Mounted on a splined portion of the axle shaft I08 within the final drive casing is a. final drive gear I I 8, the gear having a splined hub which engages tapered splines of the axle shaft, and a nut III on a threaded portion of the axle shaft I06 bears against a washer I I8 to secure the gear- IIS on the axle shaft I06 against axial displacement. A wheel body H8 is mounted on the portion of the axle shaft extending outwardly from the outer wall bearing, the wheel body II8 having an internally splined hub seated on a tapered splined portion of the axle shaft and retained in position by a nut I20. The gear wheel I I6 projects downwardly through the opening I08 of the final drive casing, and an oil pan I2I is secured to the lower end of the final drive casing by bolts I22 to enclose the downwardly projecting portion of the gear wheel 6. The

length of the opening I03 transversely of the axle shaft I88 is somewhat larger thanthe diameter of the gear 8, and the width of the opening I83 is somewhat wider than the total axial width of the ear wheel II8. A cap I23 is inserted into the bearing opening 88' to seal that opening, and a suitable seal (not shown) is mounted in the bearing boss I00 to seal the space between the axle shaft I08 and the bearing boss the L-shaped'support forms a tubular hous-' ing 88 as shown in Fig. 15, andat the outer end seated against a pinion I 23 integrallyformedwith the drive-shaft and meshing with the final drive sear I13. The inner bearing for the drive shaft I24 comprises an inner race I33 seated against a shoulder on the shaft I24 and an outer race I3I seated against a spring ring I32 within apartition 2,as4,ssa

final drive I It may be moved transversely of the drive shaft I24 through the bottom opening I33 ofthe L-shaped support. A suitable oil seal (not shown) surrounds the shaft I24 within the bore of thepartition I33 in which the inner roller bearing for the drive shaft I24 is mounted.

.A brake drum I34 within the tubular portion 33 of the L-shaped support is mounted on the drive shaft I24, a key I35 securing the brake drum against rotation on the shaft I24 and a set screw I33 securing the brake drum against axial displacement on the shaft I24. A brake band I31 shown in Fig. encircles the brake drum and suitable mechanism for tightening and loosening the brake bandis mounted within an-opening I41 (Fig. 14) of the tubular portion 33 of the L- connected with one end of the brak band at I43,

the other end of the brake band being anchored on a pin I4I. As shown in Fig, 14, a pair of holes I33 and I4! are drilled into an upper portion of the L-shaped support, and at the left side of the tractor the pins I33 and I4I are mounted, respectively, in the holes I33 and MI; at the right side of the tractor the pin I33 is mounted in the hole MI and the pin MI is mounted in the hole I33, and'the assemblypf the brake mechanism is correspondingly reversed so that in operation each brake lever will have to be pulled to the rear in order to tighten the-brake band. Secured to the lever I38 is a handle I42 which may be locked in tightened position by a latch I43 pivoted at I44 on a stud I45. The stud I45 is screwed into the L-shaped. support and has a nut I43 for a purpose to be explained later.

The L-shaped support comprising the tubular portion 38 and the final drive casing is a single.

piece structure, preferably in the form of a casting, and affords a desirably rigid support for mounting the propelling wheel thereon. The

' propelling wheel I33 is supportingly connected,

by the L-shaped support at the left isde of the tractor, with the gear casing 43 in laterally offset relation to the long and narrow tubular portion of the torque tube casing I3, and the propelling whe'el34 is similarly positioned in laterally offset relation to the long andnarrow tubular portion of the torque tube casing I3 by the L-shaped support at-the right side of the tractor. The oil pan I2I is readily removable for inspection of the final drive gear '3, and the mounting of the axle shaft I33 and the drive shaft I24 described hereinbefore permits a convenient assembly and disassembly of the drive mechanism. In order to remove the-final'drive gear II3 from the L-shaped support the oil pan I2I is first removed, whereupon the nut II'I becomes accessible through the opening I33 of the final drive casing. Removal of the cap I23 will expose the nut II5, and by unscrewing the nuts Ill and H5, the axle shaft I33 will be liberated for axial withdrawal from the inner and outer roller bearings and from the final drive gear II3. After withdrawal of the axle shaft I33 the I33 of the final drive casing. In order to remove the drive shaft I24 from the L-shaped support, the cap I23 is'first withdrawn, whereupon the shaft may be moved-axially in an outward direction, the opening-for the cap being large enough to permit passage of the pinion I23 therethrough. The lever I33 of the brake mechanism is detached from the brake band and removed from the opening I41 above the brake drum, and after movementv of the drive shaft I24 in an outward direction the set screw I33 will become accessible through the opening I41 from which the brake lever I38 has been removed.' After loosening of the set screw I33 the shaft I24 may then be entirely withdrawn from the L-shaped support, the brake drum I34 remaining within the tubular section 33.

The torque tube casing I3, as stated, has a bell shaped forward portion which extends over the clutch mechanism, and a comparatively long and narrow tubular part between the forward motor unit and the arched :rear axle structure. In the manufacture of the tractor the transmission and differential mechanismsare assembled within the casing 43 prior to the attachment of the i.-shaped rear wheel supports thereto, and the propeller shaft is connected with the forward end of the drive shaft 45 of the transmission prior to the assembly of the torque tube casing I3 with the transmission casing 43. At the starting end of the assembly line the torque tube casing I3 is placed on a truck I43 (Fig. l8), 1 and the casing 43 with the propeller shaft 4I connected to the shaft 45 by the universal joint 33 and 33 is moved to the place of assembly by a traveling hoist, parts of whichare indicated at I43 in Fig. 18. A temporary guide tube I53 with a handle I5I is inserted intothe torque tube casing I3 through the tube 3I mounted in the central hub portion 33 of the torque tube casing I3. The temporary guide tube I53 is of slightly smaller diameter than the inside diameter of the tube 3|, and after insertion into the torque tube I3 it assumes a position approximately as shown in Fig. 18. The propeller shaft 4| is picked up by a workman and inserted into (the open rearend of the temporary guide tube whereupon the casing 43 may be manipulated casing I3, studs I32 projecting from the casing 43 being moved into openings of a flange portioni53 at the rear end of the torque tube casing I3. During such manipulation of the casing 43 the propeller shaft 4! slides into the temporary guide tube I53, and due to the provision of the universal joint 83 and 33 the casing may be conveniently manipulated without liability of bending the propeller shaft 4I. After the studs I52 have entered the flange portion I53 of the torque tube casing I3, nuts are tightened upon the studs I52 to hold the torque tube casing I3 and thetransmission and differential casing 43 securely together. Thereafter the temporary guide tube I53 is withdrawn, and the propeller shaft M will then rest on the tube 3I in ap-.

proximate alinement with the drive shaft 45 of the transmission. The truck I 48 is then moved to another station of the assembly line where the motor unit will be connected with the forward end of the torque tube casing I3. The flywheel I8 and the clutch disk 23 together with the shell 23, pressure ring 2I, springs 22 and the clutch actuating arms 24 and the associated parts in an approximately correct position within the torque tube casing I6, the telescopic engagement of the forward parts of the propeller shaftwith the corresponding parts of the motor unit may be effected without difficulty, and after the motor unit and the torque tube casing I6 have been brought into their proper relative pofltions, the bolts I 5 are installed to secure the motor unit and the torque tube casing I6 together.

On the other hand, if the tractor is disassembled by removing the eusine unit from the forward end of the torque tube casing I6, the pilot journal at the forwardend of the propeller shaft 4| will slide out of the bushing 42 at the rear end of the motor crankshaft I! while the splined forward portion of the propeller shaft slides out of the splined bore of the hub of the clutch disk 20. After the engine unit has been moved axially away from the torque tube casing I6 far enough to liberate the splined forward portion of the propeller shaft-from the splined hub of the clutch disk, the propeller shaft will tend to drop about the center of the universal joint at its rear end, but when the propeller shaft, starts to drop it is almost immediately intercepted by the tube 3| which will hold it approximately centered within the torque tube easing I6and in approximate axial alinement with the transmission shaft 45. I

In the assembled tractor, the torque tube casing I6, together with its forward and rearward connections, respectively, with the motor block 6 and with the transmission casing 43, serves as the sole means for retaining the engine unit and rear axle structure in fixed position relative to each other not only against relative horizontal and vertical displacements but also against relative torsional displacement about the axis of the torque tube casing I6. The forward connection including the bolts I5, between the torque tube casing I6 and the motor block 9, the rearward connection including the studs I62, between the torque tube casing I 6 and the transmission casing 43, and the torque tube casing I6 itself are sufliciently strong to retain the engine unit and rear axle structure in desired fixed position relative to each other under all operating conditions, including those which subject the mentioned parts to heavy twisting forces, about the axis of the torque tube casing, for instance, when the tractor is traveling over uneven ground, or'

when it is pulling a heavy load and the engine drive shafts III through the bearing retainers 31 and 63 into engagement with the differential pinions I4- and I6. and then to secure'the L- shaped supports to the casing 63 by means of the studs 96 and nuts 91.

Another step in the assembly of the tractor is the mounting of the front axle 3 on the pin 9 of plate I, and connecting the front axle 3 with a downwardly projecting lug III of the torque tube casing by means of a thrust fork Ill. The thrust fork is secured at its open forward end to the front axle 3 as shown in Fig. 12, prior to the installatlon'of the axle 3 on the pin 9. and the lug I65 of the torque tube casing I6 receives a rearwardly extending journal pin III of the thrust fork, the journal pin I6'I extending on the same horizontal axis as the pivot pin 3. A nut I69 onvthe journal pin secures the thrust fork 1I66 against axial displacement relative to the Referring again to Fig. 1, a fuel-tank I69 is mounted on a bracket III which is bolted on top of the bell housing of the torque tube casing I6 by means of bolts III. The fuel tank has a shape somewhat similar to that of an 888, but

its upper and lower halves which are joined together by a horizontal seam I62 are flattened so that any cross-section in a vertical plane transversely of the tractor will be more or less elliptical as may be seen from Fig. 13. A forward portion of the tank I59 overlying the bracket I66 projects under the hood I3. and the portion of the tank overhanging the bracket III at the rear tapers rearwardly and is verticaliy'spaced from the bell housing and from the adjoining tubular portion of the torque tube casing I6.

The bracket I66 has a rearward portion I63 of substantial width transversely of the tractor as shown in Fig. 17, and of comparatively short length longitudinally of the tractor, the portion I63 affording a raised seat for the fuel tank near its center of gravity. A strip of fabric I66 is interposed between the seat I63 and the bottom of the fuel tank I69, and a metal strap I66 embracing the rear end of the hood I3 and the fuel tank I59 is secured to downwardly projecting lugs I66 of the bracket I66 by screws I61 and properly tightened to hold the fuel tank I59 in position on the bracket I69.

A sheet metal clip I69 is welded to the bottom of the fuel tank a substantial distance rearwardly of the bracket I69, and a sheet metal support I69 secured to the torque tube casing I6 by means of screws I'll is connected with the clip I69 by screws III. The support I69 comprises transversely spaced side walls and a rearwardly'curved transverse wall connecting the side walls at .the rear of the support, a suitable blank cut from sheet metal stock and bent into U-shape being preferably used to form the side walls and the rear wall in one piece. The side walls of the support I69 are transversely spaced develops a corresponding torsional reaction' about the axis of the crankshaft II, which reaction is transmitted to the rear axle structure through the torque tube casing I6.

Another step in the assembly of the tractor is the mounting of the L-shaped supports on the rear end of the casing 43, the shaft I 24, axle shaft I66, final drive gears H6 and I29, and associated parts being mounted on the L-shaped supports prior to the assembly of the L-shaped supports with the casing 63. In making such assembly it is merely necessary to move the from each other a distance slightly less than the external diameter of the tubular portion of the torque tube ,I6 and extend upwardly from the torque tube casing I6 parallel to a vertical plane through the axis of the torque tube casing I6. The upper edges of the side walls of the support I69 conform substantially with the configuration of the fuel tank, but the bottom of the fuel tank is kept slightly spaced from said upper edges by the clip I63. Additional clips I12 are mounted between the side walls of the support I69 to hold the upper portions of the side walls properly spaced from each other. The

' it is not used for starting.

ing for the reception of a steering column 118,

the opening being large enough to also permit insertion of a starting crank I14 which may be carried on the tractor as shown in Fig. 1 when Mounted on the torque tube this; I8

the side walls of the support I89 is a steering gear easing I15, the casing .18 having-upwardly projecting lugs I18 to which the steering gear casing I15 is secured by means of bolts I11, the heads of these bolts projecting through suitable apertures in the left side wall of the support I89. The steering gear casing I18 has a side arm I18, shown in Fig. 18, which extends through a square opening I19 in the left side wall of the support I89, and a steering arm I88 is secured to a shait on the side arm I18. The steering arm I88 is connected with an arm I8I of the left steering knuckle as shown in Fig. 19 by a reach rod I82, and the tractor may be steered by manipulation of the hand wheel I83 at the rear end of the steering column I13, the hand wheel being connected with suitable worm and gear mechanism within the steering gear casing I18. The steering column is supported rearwardly oi the steering gear-casing I on a post I84 which is screwed into an openingat the rear of the torque tube casing I6. j

A channel I85 is welded to the steering column I13 within the space between the'side walls of the support I89, the channel I 85 serving to hold the starting crank 118 in the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1. The steering gear casing I15 occupies most of the space between the side walls oi the support I89 at the forward end of the latter and a. space for the reception of tools or other accessoriesis available rearwardly of the fuel tank I59, and is accessible through a hole in the left side wall oi the support I89, the hole being covered by a hinged lid I88. It will be seen that the sheet metal support I89 not only sustains the fuel tank I59 rearwardly of the bracket i611, but also furnishes a receptacle for tools 'or other accessories. Features of the fuel tank arrangement herein disclosed'are claimed in a copending application of Conrad E. Frudden and Walter F. Strehlow, Serial No. 320,105, filed February 21, 1940, for Fuel tank mounting for tractors.

The drivers' seat at the rear of thetractor comprises a relatively wide cushion I81 whichis mounted between angle iron beams I88 and I89 secured to the L-shaped supports at opposite sides of the casing 43 as best shown in Figs. 1 and 16; The seat cushion I81 rests on aframework comprising transverse angle bars I9I and I92 connected at their ends by longitudinal angle bars I93 and I94, the framework fitting between vertically disposed flanges of the beams I88'and I89, and being held in place by bolts I95. A back been mentioned hereinbetore pass through the caps "land through the beams I and I89,

and the nuts "I48 of the studs "tare-tightened to hold the caps 288 and the horizontal. flanges of the beams I88 and I88 in position on the L- shaped supports. Bolts I88 rearwardly oi the studs m similarly extend through the caps m land through the horizontal flanges of theangle iron beams I88 and I88, andare properly 8 tened to secure the caps and beams in position.

The forward ends oi the beams I88 and I89 are curved'downwardly as indicated in Fig. 1,

and a transverse tubular beam, 28I of square cross-section, mounted on the. torque tube casing I8, is connected by bolts 282 and 288 to the forward downwardly curved ends of the beams I88 and I89. The square tubular beam 28!- extends through a square transverseiopening 2" in a downwardextension at-the-re'ar end of the casing I8 and is held in position on theicasin g I8 by means of diagonal bolts 284 which are screwed into lugs at omoosite sides ofthe torque tube casing I8 as may be seen from Figs. 1 and 2. The transverse opening 28I' is sufliciently large to permit ready longitudinal movement of the beam 28I therethrough for purposes of assembly and channel clips, 285 on the bolts 28 engage the tubular beam 28I to force it into'the opposite corner of the square opening 28I' by-- tightening the bolts'284 as shown in Fig. 2.

Pivotally mounted on the torque tube casing I8, forwardly of the beam 28I, by means of a bearing pin-288 is a clutch pedal 281 which is pivotally connected with the rear end of the clutch actuating rod 39 at 288, and a spring 289 between the rod 39 and the clutch pedal 281 tends to holdthe clutch pedal in the position inwhich it is shown in Fig. 2. Also pivoted to the clutch pedal 281 at 288 is a latch 2I8 which may be swung manuallyinto engagement with c the tubular beam 2III when the clutch pedal is depressed and it is desired to lock the clutch pedal in depressed position in order to hold the clutch out of engagement.

The horizontal flanges of the beams I88 and I89 extend in a'horizontal plane substantially above the axis of the rear wheels 93 and 94, and the rear wheels extend upwardly beyond said plane, or in other words, the mentioned plane plane as indicated in Fig. 1 is the same as the relation of the fender 2II to said plane. Each fender has abottom portion which extends along the respective beam. I88 .or- I99 on which it is mounted, from front to rear, 'and'the bottom edge of each fender includes a relatively long' straight and horizontal portion extending in the mentioned plane. At the front, the bottom portion of the fender extends approximately to a point laterally of the intersection of the periphcry of the respective rear wheel 93 or 94 with the mentioned horizontal plane, and at the rear the bottom portion of the fender extends beyondthe periphery of the respective rear wheel as shown in Figs. 1 and 19. A major portion of the fender above its bottom portion is curved away from the vertical plane of the upstanding angle iron fiange to which the fender bottom is secured, the curvature being in the direction towards the respective propelling wheel 93 or 94, as clearly shown in Fig. 19. The bolts I whichsecure theseat-frame to the and I also pass through the bottomporprovided to hold the fenders in positlonontheverticalflanges ofthebeamslfiand Stay clips Ill are welded to the of beseenthatthebeams' transverse tubular beam Ill provide a substantial, framework which is or the fenders. additional bolts ale-be n notonlystrongenoushtosecurelysupportflie operator's seatandthe fenders, but which may also be utilized to attach'i nplements to the tractor-such h-actor. Preferably, however;

m and m. ,Features of thefender and seat quipment herein disclosed are claimed in a copending application of Conrad E. Frudden and Walter 'I". Btrehlow, Serial No. 320,106, filed February 21, 1940, for Tractor rear assembly. a

A trailing vehicle or drawn-behind implement, such as a wheeled plow, a barrow, or the like, are preferably hitched to a drawbar 229 shown in Figs. land 19, the drawbar having opposite .side arms connected at their forward ends with wards the left, the driver's vision is somewhat obstructedbythesteeringarm lllandthe see a plantonllneA in unit, by looking down lean over uncomfortably on his seat to the right orleftinordertoseeaplantonlineAinFig.

' is under the motor unit or torque tube casing.

the inner side walls" of the flnal drive of the L-shaped supports at opposite sides of the arched rear axle structure.- The drawbar is pivotaily adjustable up and down about pivot 1 pins 2,each pivot pin 23' being secured to one end of a latch III which has a bolt hole at its other end. The pivot pin secured-to the latch Ill extends through a hole in the side arm of' the drawbar into the side wall of the respective final drive casing-and a bolt :32

through the bolt hole of the latch 2M and through one of a series of holes 232' in the side arm of the drawbar is screwed into the side V wall of the respective final drive casing. It will be seen that this construction provides for ready vertical adjustment ofthe drawbar about the pivot pins 230 and for removal of the drawbar from the tractor, if desired.

.A driver operating the tractor may take a position on the seat cushion I81 more or less directly behindthe steering wheel I83 and, straddling the rear portion of the torque tube casing It with his legs, he may rest his feeton the tubular beam 2". When so seated the driver has a wide range of vision of the ground ahead of him, which not only affords him a good view of the ileld at some distance ahead of the tractor, but also enables him to focus his eyes on a plant on the groimd between the front wheels and to obme such plant while the tractor proceeds until the plant disappears under the cross beam Ill and under the rear axle structure. The plant, in order to be within the driver's range of does not have to stand relatively close to the tread line of one or the 'other of the front wheels, but it may stand on a ground line extending longitudinally of the Depending on whether the driver wishes to look down along the right side or the left side of the tractor, and on the desired range of forward vision under the tractor, the driver may move more orless towards one end or the other of the seat I81. From a central position on the seat, in which the driver is located in line" with the tubular member ofthe torque tube casing. it, the driver may slide up clue to the fender lllandtherebyplacehimselfintoalaterally oifset position, to the left, relative to the tubular member of torque tube casing. or he may slide up clou to the fender III and thereby place himselfinto alaterally-oifset positiomtoflie right, relative to the tubular member of the torque 'tubecasing Ii. Asthetractorthe driver may keep his eyes on the mentioned plant foracertainlength oftimeuntll theplantstands about directly under. his feet. 'Ali plants on lineAinFig.l9fromaplant about direct1yunderthefrontaxle,uptoaplantstanding about directly under the driver's feet will be conveniently visiblev to the driver looking down along the left or right side of the tractor body forwardly of the rear axle structure, this convenient visibilityheingdue prlmarilytothe long narrowtubularportionofthetorquetubecasing.

Ii rearwardly of the bell housing of the torque tube casing and forwardly of the n and differential casing 43. The rearwardly tapering fuel tank I5! and the transversely narrow sheet metal support I" for the fuel tank also contribute to a wide range of visibility.

ReferringtoFigs. l, 12 and 19,itwillbenoted that the height of the ground clearance ailorded tractor centrally between the wheels, web a by the upwardly arched front axle 3 atthe front endofthetractorissuhstantiallythesameas the height 'ofthe ground clearance aiforded by the upwardly arched rear axle structure at the rearendofthetractor,andthatarelatively high and wide space is vermaynevertheless available for plants standportion 22l. bottom of Fig. 9 is secured to the wheel body H9 by an ordinary bolt 224 having a straight cylin-- then be readily withdrawn from the wheel body ing on line A in Fig. 19. The dash-dotted lines B and C in Fig. 19 indicate plant rows at opposite sides of and parallel to a plant row on line A, and the relation of the tractor to the three plant rows indicated in Fig. 19 is that corresponding to a one-row use of the tractor. When the tractor is used for one-row work as indicated in Fig. 19, the front and rear wheels straddle a single plant row, the front and rear .wheels at the left side of the tractor running approximately in the middlebetween two relatively adjacent plant rows A and B, and the front and rear wheels at the right side of the tractor running approximately in the middle between relatively adjacent plantrows A and C, plant row A extending longitudinally of the tractor centrally between the rear wheels and centrally between the front wheels.

Referring to Fig. 9 the wheel body H9, which has already been mentioned, forms part of the left propelling wheel 93 which also includes a tire rim 215 and a pneumatic tire 2l6. The tire rim 2l5 has an annular inwardly projecting ridge portion 2|! which is engaged at diagonally opposed points by rim clamps 2l8 and H9 as shown in Fig. 9. The ridge 2II has a V-shaped cross-section, and the rim clamps M8, 219 each have a peripheral groove 2" which is also V- shaped to fit the ridge 2|! as indicated in Fig. 9. Another pair of diagonally opposed rim clamps 2l9' and 2| 9', which are duplicates of the rim clamps 2I8 and H9, respectively, engage the ridge 2|! on a diameter at right angles to the diameter of the first pair of rim clamps H9 and H9, as indicated in Fig. 1. The rim'clamp 2| 8 as shown in Fig. 9 is secured to the wheel body H9 by means of a bolt 229 which has an eccentric shoulder 22l engaging a'bore in the rim clamp 2l8. A nut 222 and a lockwasher 223 on the bolt 229 are drawn up against the wheel body so as to pull the rim clamps 2l8 tightly against the wheel body andprevent it from dise placement relative thereto about the eccentric Th rim clamp 2l9 shown at the drical shank and a nut 225 and lockwasher 226,

H9 and the wheel rim may be removed from the wheel body. On the other hand, when the tire rim M5 is to be mounted on the wheel body H9 the rim clamps H9 and H9 are first mounted on the wheel body by means of the bolts 224 and the wheel rim is arranged in a position so as to place the ridge portion 2 of the tire rim into the V-shaped peripheral grooves of the rim clamps M9 and 2l9'. The bolts 229, with the rim clamps H8 and H8 positioned on the eccentric shoulders thereof, are then inserted.

throughtheir respective holes in the wheel body H9 and turned by means of a wrench fitting the heads of the bolts 220, to move the rim clamps 2I8 radially outwardly ofthe wheel body, which movement, although only of small magnitude, will cause the wheel rim'to be tightly gripped by the rim clamps 2! and M8, the rim clamps 2I9 and 219' afiording proper 'abutments against which the tire rim 2I5 is drawn up during radial outward movement of the rim clamps H9. After the rim clamps have been tightened by radial outward movement, the nuts 222 are drawn up to secure the parts in permanently fixed position relative to each other. Each of the bolts 229 with its eccentric shoulder 22!, together with the respective clamp 2l8 constitutes a toggle mechanism between the wheel body H9 and the rim 2| 5, and this toggle mechanism is in dead center relation or approximately so when the bolts 229 have been turned to-force the rim clamps 2H! and 2l8 into engagement with the ridge 2". This dead center relation will not easily be broken because the clamps H8 and 2l9' engage the rim on surfaces of substantial length peripherally of the rim, and there is enough friction in this toggle mechanism to hold it in dead center relation or approximately so even while the nuts 222 are loose. fore not necessary to hold the bolts 22!] with a wrench against rotation after they have been turned to force the'clamps 2l8 into engagement the nut and lockwasher being likewise tightened up against the wheel body so as to hold the rim clamp 2l9 securely against displacement relative to the wheel body H9.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the 9 plain bolts 224 are spaced ninety degrees apart and it is to be understood that the bolts 229 with the eccentric shoulders are likewise spaced ninety degrees from each other and are spaced ninety degrees from the bolts 224. A pair of peripherally spaced lugs 233 are secured to the rim tive to the wheel body H9 when the wheel body,

is rotated by the power of the motor. A cutout 234in the wheel body H9 for the reception with the ridge 2, and this feature .facilitates assembly of the wheel body and rim. Features of the detachable rim mounting herein disclosed are claimed in a copendlng application of Conrad E. Frudden, Serial No. 355,736, filed September '7, 1940, for Vehicle wheel.

Referring to Figs. 20 to 23, it will be noted that the rim mounting as described hereinbefore in connection with Fig s.'1 and 9 affords a convenient arrangement for varying the axial spac ing of the propelling wheels from each other. The relative position of the tire rim 2 l5,and wheel body H9 illustrated in Fig. 20 corresponds to that shown in Fig. 9. By reversing the posiof' the tire valve 235 is spaced degrees from I he centers of the adjacent bolts 229 and 224.

In order to remove the tire rim MS from the wheel body H9 the nuts 222 of the eccentric bolts 220 are loosened and the bolts may then be turned to move the rim clamps H9 and H8 radially in a direction away from the ridge portion 2" of the tire rim. The bolts 22!! may tion of the tire rim on the rim clamps 2H] and H9 the positioning of the tire relative to the wheel body H9 as shown in Fig. 21 may be obtained. Fig. 22 shows the rim clamp 2! moved from the inner side of the wheel body H9 to the outer side and in this type of mounting all of the rim clamps are, of course, secured to the outer side of the wheel body H9, the tire rim being positioned to extend, with its larger portion, inwardly over the wheel body H9. In Fig. 23 the rim clamps are secured to the wheel body H9 in the same position as described in connection with Fig. 22', but the position of the tire rim on the rim clamps is reversed relative to the position in which the tire rim is shown in Fig. 22.

The axial spacing of the rims of the propelling wheels 93 and 94 shown in Fig. 19 is such that the center between the side edges of the rim 2|5 It is thereof the left propelling wheel and the center between the side edges of the rim 2|! of the right propelling wheel are spaced a distance substantially equal to the spacing between two adjacent plant rows, the plant row B being spaced from the plant row A the same distance as the plant row C. The mounting of the rear wheels.

described hereinbefore permits positioning of the rims at four different axial spacings from each other, these spacings being preferably 40, 44, 43 and 52 inches measured from the center between the side edges of one rim to the center between the side edges of the other rim. By changingthe axial spacing of the rims the tread width of the propelling wheels may therefore be adjusted to accommodate different row spacings. In order to obtain the narrowest tread width the rims 2|! of the propelling wheels 93 and 94 are each mounted in a position inwardly of the wheel body H9 as indicated by Figs. 9 and 20. The next wider tread width is obtained by removing the rim clamps of each propelling wheel from the inner side of the wheel body ll 9 and securing them to the outer side, and by positioning the rims 2 I 5 inwardly of the wheel bodies in accordance with Fig. 22. The third tread width is obtained by securing the rim clamps of each propelling wheel inwardly of the wheel body 9 and by positioning the rims 2i5 outwardly of the wheel bodies in accordance with Fig. 21, the position of the rim 2l5 shown in Fig. 21 being obtained by reversing the rim from the position in which it is shown in Fig. .20. The fourth or widest tread width of the propelling wheels is obtained by securing the rim clamps N8 of each propelling wheel to the outer side of each wheel body H9 and by positioning the rims 2 I5 outwardly of the.

wheel bodies in accordance with Fig. 23, the position of the rim 2| 5 shown in Fig. 23 corresponding to a reversal of the rim 2 I 5 in Fig. 22.

Another arrangement of the tire rims would be obtained by mounting the tire rim of the left propelling wheel in the'position indicated in Fig.

20, and by mounting the tire rim of the right propelling wheel in the positionindicated by Fig. 23. As a result of such an arrangement, if used at front and rear, the center of the tractor body would be offset towards the left from a central vertical plane between thev tires of the propelling wheels and a plant row centrally between the propelling wheels would therefore extend on a line offset towards the right of the torque tube casing l8. Similarly, a plant row centrally between the tires of the propelling wheels 93 and 94 may be offset towards the left of the tubular torque tube casing by mounting the rim of the left propelling wheel in the posi- It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent: a

1. In a tractor, a transmission housing, a transmission shaft journaled in said housing in angularly fixed relation thereto, a universal Joint having a first element secured to said transmissaid first element for rotation therewith about tion indicated by Fig. 23, and by mounting the rim of the right propelling wheel in the position indicated by Fig. 20.

wheels an arrangement similar to that explained hereinbefore in connection with the rear wheels may be used, or any'other arrangement for offsetting the wheels, for instance, an extensible axle structure or a mounting permitting reversal of the entire front wheels may be employed.

While in the foregoing a preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown and described, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to the details of construction herein shown and described, for various modifications within the scope of the claims may occur to persons skilled in the art.

In order to change the tread width of the front sion shaft and a second element connected with the axis of said'transmission shaft and for substantial movement angularly thereof, a, propeller shaft secured to said second Joint element, a tubular member surrounding said propeller shaft, and disconnectable fastening means rigidly securing said tubular member to said transmission housing, said tubular member and propeller shaft being telescopically separable from each other upon disconnection of said fastening means.

2. In a tractor, a transmission housing, a transmission shaft iournaled in said housing in angularly fixed relation thereto, a universal joint having a first element secured to said transmission shaft and a second element connected with said first element for rotation therewith about the axis of said transmission shaft and for substantial movement angularly thereof, a propeller shaft secured to said second joint element, a tubular member surrounding said propeller shaft, disconnectable fastening means rigidly securing said tubular member to said transmission housing, and supporting means secured to said tubular member adapted to hold said propeller shaft in a position of substantial alinement with said transmission shaft, said propeller shaft being telescopically separable from said tubular member and supporting means, to permit simultaneous removal of said transmission housing and propeller shaft from said tubular member upon disconnection of said fastening means. I

3. In a tractor, an engine having a power shaft, a propeller shaft adapted to be driven by said power shaft and having one end thereof piloted on said power shaft, a support detachably secured-to said engine, a. driven shaft rotatably mounted on said support in angularly fixed relation thereto, and a gimbal joint connecting said propeller shaft at its other end with said driven shaft.

4. In a tractor, an engine having a housing and a power shaft rotatably mounted in said housing in angularly fi'xed relation" thereto, a second housing spaced from said engine housing axially of said power shaft, an elongated hollow reach member detachably connected at one end to. said engine housing and secured at its other end to said second housing, a driven shaft journaled in said second housing for rotation about an axis in substantial alinement with the axis of said power shaft, and means including a propeller shaft within said reach member adapted to transmit rotation of said power shaft to said driven shaft, said propeller shaft having an axially separable supporting connection with said power shaft adjacent to said engine housing, and a supporting and universal driving connection with said driven shaft adjacent to said second.

housing.

5. In a tractor, an engine having a housing and a power shaft rotatably mounted in said housing in angularly fixed relation thereto, a second housing spaced from said engine housing axially of said power shaft, an elongated hollow reach member detachably connected at opposite ends thereof tosaid engine housing and second housing, respectively, a driven shaft journaled in said second housing for rotation about an axis with said driving clutch element, a propeller shaft extending through said driven clutch element piloted 'on said power shaft and axially separable from said power shaft and driven clutch element, and a universal joint within said reach member adjacent to said second housing having driving and driven members respectively secured to said propeller shaft and said driven supporting connection with said power shaft and a supporting and universal driving connection with said driven shaft, and means including a supporting member connected with said second housing, adapted to retain said propeller shaft in approximate axial alinement with said driven shaft upon separation of said supporting connection between said power and propeller shafts.

'7. In a tractor, an engine havinga housing and a a power shaft rotatably mounted in said housing in angularly fixed relation thereto, a second housing spaced from said engine housing axially of said power shaft, an elongated hollow reach member detachably connected at one end to said engine housing and detachably connected at its other end to said second housing, a driven shaft journaled in said second housing for rotation about an axis in substantial alinement with the axis of said power shaft, means including a propeller shaft within said reach member adapted to transmit rotation of said power shaft to said driven shaft, said propeller shaft having an axially separable supporting connection with said power shaft at one end of said reach member and U a supporting and universal driving connection with said driven shaft at the other end of said reach member, and a sleeve member secured to said reach member surrounding an intermediate portion of said propeller shaft, the interior surface of said sleeve member being spaced from said propeller shaft, whereby said propeller shaft will be retained in approximate axial alinement with said driven shaft upon separation of said supporting connection between said power and propeller shafts.

8. In a tractor, a propelling wheel, a hollow 9. In a tractor, a propelling wheel, a hollow support and a pan having relatively abutting edge portions spaced radially from the axis of said wheel, said'support and pan cooperating to form an enclosure laterally of said wheel, a gear within said enclosure coaxial with said wheel projecting into said pan, and'means non-rotatably' connecting said wheel and gear including an axle element rotatably mounted on said support, and a detachable connection between said gear and axle element, the 'aperture'of said support closed by said pan being dimensioned and positioned to permit removal of said gear therethrough after removal of said pan and detachment of said axle element from said gear.

10. In a tractor, a propelling wheel, a gear wheel coaxial with and laterally spaced from said propelling wheel, a hollow support having aside wall in the space between said propelling and gear wheels, another side wall, at the opposite side of said gear wheel, and end walls between said side walls, said support having an oblong bottom opening, between said side and end walls,

extending longitudinally in the direction of the plane of said gear wheel, means non-rotatably connecting said wheels including an axle element rotatably mounted on said support in proximity to said bottom opening thereof so as to leave a substantial portion of said ge'ar wheel below its axis uncovered by said support, and a pan detachably secured to said support in position to cover said uncovered portion of said gear wheel.

11. In a tractor, a propelling wheel; a gear v wheel coaxial with and laterally spaced from said support and a 'cover therefor cooperating to form an enclosure laterally of said wheel and separable from each other transversely of the axis of said wheel, a gear within said enclosure coaxial with said wheel, and means non-rotatably connecting said wheel and gear including an axle element rotatably mounted on said support, and a detachable connection between said gear and axle element, the aperture of said support closed by said cover being dimensioned and positioned to permit removal of said gear therethrough after removal of said cover and detachment of said axle element from said gear.

propelling wheel; a casing having a side wall in the space between said wheels, another side wall at the opposite side of said gear wheel, end walls connecting said side walls, and an oblong aperture between said side and end walls extending longitudinally in the direction of the plane of said gear wheel and permitting movement of said gear wheel therethrough; a hollow supporting arm radially offset from the axis of said wheels, integrally formed with said casing; means nonrotatably connecting said wheels including an axle element journaled in said casing and detachably connected with said gear wheel to permit withdrawal of said gear wheel from'said casing through said aperture upon detachment from said axle element, and drive means for said gear wheel including a drive shaft extending longitudinally within said supporting arm, said side wall of said casing between said propelling and gear wheels having an aperture in line with said drive shaft permitting axial movement of said drive shaft therethrough.

12. In-a tractor having an upwardly arched axle structure supported on propelling wheels, a housing forming an intermediate upper portion of said axle structure, supports for said wheels at opposite sides of said housing each comprising a transverse hollow arm detachably secured atone end to said housing, and a depending'casing portion integrally formed with said arm at the other end thereof; and drive mechanism for said wheels within said housing, arms and casing portions including final drive gears coaxial with said wheels, each of said casing portions having opposite side walls and an oblong opening therebetween permitting movement of the respective final drive gear therethrough transversely of its axis of rotation.

of said axle structure, supports for said wheels at opposite sides of said housing each comprising a transverse hollow arm detachably secured at one end to said housing, and a depending casing portion integrally formed with said arm at the other end thereof; and drive mechanism for said wheels including transverse drive shafts within said arms, and final drive gears within said casing portions coaxial, respectively, with said propelling wheels, each of said'arms having an end opening, remote from said housing, permitting axial movement of the respective drive shaft therethrough, and each of said casing portions having opposite side walls and an oblong opening therebetween permitting movement of the re-' spective final drive gear therethrough transversely of its axis of rotation.

14. In a tractor having a pair of axially spaced propelling wheels and a portion of its body arranged therebetween, the combination of supporting and driving means for said wheels comprising, at each side of said body portion, an angular support having a transverse arm detachably secured, at its inner end, to said body portion, and anend portion integrally formed with and depending from said arm at the outer end thereof; an axle element secured 'to the propelling wheel at the respective side of said body portion, extending through and journaled in an aperture of said depending end portion; means releasably securing said axle element against axial displacement relative to said support; final drive mechanism including a gear at the side of said depending end portion opposite to said propelling wheel; and means non-rotatably securing said gear coaxially to said axle element, Permitting axial separation of said axleelement from said gear.

15. In a tractor having a pair of axially spaced propelling wheels and a portion of its body ar-.

ranged therebetween, the combination of supporting and driving mean for said wheels comprising, at each side of said body portion, an angular support having a transverse arm detachably secured, at its inner end, to said body portion. and an end portion integrally formed with and depending from said arm at the outer end thereof; an axle element secured to the propelling wheel at the respective side of said body portion, extending through and journaled in an aperture of said depending end portion; means releasably securing said axle element against axial displacement relative to said support; a drive shaft extending longitudinally of said arm, jour-' wheel; and means non-rotatably securing saidgear coaxially to said axle element, permitting,

axial separation of said axle element from said ear.

16. v In a tractor having a pair of axially spaced propelling wheels and a portion of its body arranged therebetween, the combination of supporting and driving means for said wheels comprising, at each side of said body portion, an anpelling wheel final drive mechanism including a gear between said end portions having a central bore coaxial with said propelling wheel, an axle shaft connected with said propelling wheel and extending through said bore and through an aperture in the end portion between said gear and wheel, and means securing said axle shaft rotatably to said end portions and non-rotatably to said gear, said last named means being releasable to permit axial withdrawal of said axle shaft from said end portions and from said gear.

.17. In a tractor having a pair of axially spaced propelling wheels and a portion of its body arranged therebetween, the combination of supporting and driving means for said wheels comprising, at each side of said body portion, an angular support having a vertical casing section at the inner side of the respective propelling wheel and a transverse hollow arm integrally formed with said casing section and detachably secured, at its end remote from said casing section, to

said body portion, a drive shaft joumaled in openings of opposite side walls of said casing section and extending through said arm into said body portion, means detachably securing said drive shaft against axial displacement relative I to said support and permitting axial withdrawal of said drive shaft from said arm and casing section, final drive mechanism operatively connected with said drive shaft including a gear within said casing section having a central bore coaxial with said propelling wheel, an axle shaft connected with said propelling wheel and extending through said bore and through a lower aperture of the side wall of said'casing section between said gear and propelling wheel, and

means securing said axle shaft rotatably to said casing section at opposite sides of said gear and non-rotatably to said gear, said last named means. being releasable 'to permit axial withdrawal of said axle shaft from said casing section and from said gear.

18. In a frameless type tractor, the combination of a forward engine unit, a torque tube casing having a circumferential wall portion forming a rearwardly tapering bell housing and a relatively long rearward tubular extension of the reduced end of said bell housing, means supportingly connecting said torque tube casing at the forward end of said bell housing with the rear of said engine unit, a gear casing secured to said torque tube casing at the rear end of said tubular extension, running gear including a propelling wheel supportingly connected with said gear casing in laterally offset relation to said tubular extension of said bell housing, and means for transmitting power from said engine to said propelling wheel, said means including clutch mechanism operatively connected with said engular support having a transverse arm detadhably secured, at its inner end, to said body portion, and relatively opposed end portions integrally formed with and depending from said arm at the outer end thereof inwardly of the respective progine and enclosed within said bell housing, a propeller shaft drivingly connected. with said clutch mechanism and extending longitudinally through said tubularextension of said bell housing, and-selective change speed mechanism drivingly connected with said propeller shaft and enclosed within said gear casing.

19. In a tractor, a forward engine unit, a torque tube casing having a circumferential wall portion forming a rearwardly tapering bell housing and a relatively long and narrow, tubular extension of the reduced end of said bell housing, forward fastening means cooperating with a forward portion of said bell housing and with said engine unit to rigidly secure said torque tube casing to said engine unit, a rear support including an unit to rigidly secure said torque tube casingto upwardly arched axle structure and rear wheels at opposite ends thereof, affording vertical clearance, at the rear of the tractor, for a plant row extending parallel to said rear wheels centrally therebetween, rearward fastening means cooperating with a portion of said torque tube casing at'the rear end of said tubular extension and with a portion of said axle structure between said rear-wheels to rigidly secure said tubular extension of said torque tube casing to said axle structure in laterally spaced relation to at least one of said rear wheels, said engine unit and rear support being retained in fixed position relative to each other solely by said torque tube casing and by said forward and rearward fastening means, front supporting means for said engine unit cooperating with the latter and the ground to afford substantially the same vertical clearance for said plant row, at the front of the tractor, as afforded by said rear support, and means for transmitting propelling power from said engine unit to said rear wheels, including a propeller shaft extending longitudinally within said tubular extension of said bell housing, whereby an operator at the rear of the tractor looking down between said tubular extension and said one rear wheel may conveniently see a substantial length of said plant row forwardly of said rear wheels. 20. In a tractor, a forward engine unit, a torque tube casing in rear of said engine unit having a circumferential wall portion forming a tubular member of substantial length longitudinally of the tractor and of relatively short width transversely of'the tractor, forward fastening means cooperating with a forward portion of said torque tube casing and with saidengineunit to rigidly secure said torque tube casing to said engine unit, means supporting said engine unit and torque tube casing above the ground including a propelling wheel laterally offset fromsaid torque tube casing, a support for said propelling wheel in rear of said torque tube casing, and rearward fastening means cooperating with a portion of said torque tube casing at the rear end of said tubular member and with said support to rigidly secure said torque tube casing to said support; and means drivinglyconnecting said engine unit with said propelling wheel including clutch mechanism adjacent to said engine unit, selective change speed mechanism adjacent to said support, and a propeller shaft extending longitudinally within said tubular member of said torque tube casing for transmitting power from said clutch mechanism to said change speed mechanism; said engine unit and support being retained in fixed position relative to each other solely by said torque tube casing and by said forward and rearward fastening means, and said tubular member being of such reduced width with respect to said engine unit and of such length that an operator at the rear of the tractor looking down at the side thereof next to said propelling wheel may conveniently see a ground area of substantial length longitudinally of the tractor directly below the axis of said torque tube casing.

21. In a tractor, a forward engine unit, a torque tube casing having a forward portion forming a clutch housing in rear of said engine unit and a circumferential wall portion forming a tubular member, in rear of said clutch housing, of substantial lengthlongitudinally of the tractor and of relatively short width transversely of the tractor, forward fastening means cooperating with said clutch housing and with said engine said engine unit, a gear casing in rear of said torque tube casing, rearward fastening means I cooperating with a portion of said torque tube casing at the rear end of said tubular member and with said gear casing torigidly secure-said torque tube casing to said gearcasing, running gear adapted to sustain said engine unit, torque tube casing and gear casing above the ground including a propelling wheel supportingly connected with said gear casing on a transverse axis below the level of said torque tube casing and rotatable in a plane laterally spaced from said tubular member thereof, and means drivingly connecting said engine unit with said propelling wheel including clutch mechanism within said clutch housing, selective change speed mechanism within said gear casing, and a propeller shaft extending longitudinally within said tubular member for transmitting power from said clutch mechanism to said change speed mechanism; said engine unit and gear casing being retained in fixed position relative to each other solely by said torque tube casing and by said forward and rearward fastening means, and said tubular member being of such reduced width with respect to said clutch housing and-of such length that an operator at'the rear of the tractor looking down at the side thereof next to said propelling wheel may conveniently see a ground area of substantial length and width directly below said torque tube casing.

22. In a tractor, a forward engine unit, a torque tube casing in rear of said engineunit having a circumferential wall portion forming a tubular member of substantial length longitudinally of the tractor and of relatively short width transversely of the tractor, forward fastening means cooperating with. a forward portion of said torque tube casing and with said engine unit to rigidly secure said torque tube casing to said engine unit, a rear support including an upwardly arched axle structure and rear wheels at opposite ends thereof, affording vertical clearextending parallel to said rear wheels centrally therebetween, rearward fastening means cooperating with a portion of said torque tube casing at the rear end of said tubular member and with a portion of said axle structure between said rear wheels to rigidly secure said tubular member of said torque tube casing to said axle structure in laterally spaced relation to at least one of said rear wheels, said engine unit and rear support being retained in fixed position relative to each other solely by said torque tube casing and by said forward and rearward fastening means,

front supporting means for said engine unit cooperating with the latter and with the ground to afford substantially the same vertical clearance for said plant row, at the front of the tractor, as afforded by said rear support, and means for transmitting propelling power from said engine unit to said rear wheels including clutch mechanism adjacent to said engine unit, selective change speed mechanism adjacent to said rear support, and a propeller shaft extending longitudinally within said tubular member for connecting said clutch mechanism with said change speed mechanism; said tubular member being of such reduced width with respect to said engine unit and of such length that an operator at the rear of the tractor looking down between said tubular member and said one rear wheel may conveniently see a substantial'length of said plant row forwardly of said rear wheels.

23. A tractor comprising an engine unit, front wheels steerably mounted on opposite ends of an upwardly arched front axle having an upper transverse portion supportingly connected with.

said engine unit, a pair of rear wheels axially spaced from each other substantially the same distance as said front wheels, an arched rear axle structure supportedby and extending upwardly between said rear wheels, a torque tube casing,

extending between said engine unit and an upper transverse portion of said rear axle structure and having an elongated narrow tubular portion intermediate its ends of substantially reduced transverse width with respect to said engine unit and of a height approximately equal to its width, forward fastening means cooperating with a forward portion of said torque tube casing and with said engine unit, and rearward fastening means.

' means including a propeller shaft extending through-said tubular portion of said torque tube casing, and selective change speed mechanism in rear of said tubular portion of said torque tube casing operatively connected with said propeller shaft.

24. A tractor as set forth in claim 23, in which a steering column operatively connected with said front wheels is mounted on a forward portion of said torque tube casing and carries a hand wheel rearwardly of said tubular portion of said torque tube casing.

25. In a tractor, a forward engine unit, a torque tube casing in rear of said engine unit having a circumferential wallportion forming a tubular member of substantial length longitudinally of the tractor and of relatively short width trans versely of the tractor, forward fastening means cooperating \with a forward portion of said torque tube casing and with said engine unit to rigidly secure said torque tube casing to said engine unit,

means supporting said engine unit and torque tube casing above the ground including a propelling wheel laterally offset from said torque tube casing, a support for said propelling vwheel in rear of said torque tube casing, and rearward fastening means cooperating with a portion of said torque tube casing at the rear end of said tubular member and with said support to rigidly secure said torque tube 'casing' to said support; means drivingly connecting said engine unit with said propelling wheel including clutch mech anism adjacent to said engine unit, selective change speed mechanism adjacent to said sup-- port, and a propeller shaft extending longitudinally within said tubular member of said torque tube casing for transmitting power from said clutch mechanism to said change speed mechanism; said engine unit and support being retained in fixed position relative to each other solely by said torque tube casing and by said forward-and rearward fastening means; and an operator's seatadjacent to said support having a seating surface between the plane of said propelling 'wheel and a vertical plane through the axis of said tubular member, said tubular member being of such reduced width with respect to said engine unit and of such length that an operator occupying a normal sitting position on said seat, laterally oifset with respect to said tubular member towards said propelling wheel, may observe a ground area of substantial length longitudinally of the tractor directly below the axis of said tubular'member.

26. Ina tractor, a forward engine unit, a torque tube casing in rear of said engine unit having a circumferential wall portion forming a tubular member of substantial length longitudinally of the tractor and of relatively short width transversely of the tractor, forward fastening means cooperating with a forward portion of said torque tube casing and with said engine unit to rigidly secure said torque tube casing to said engine unit, a rear support including an upwardly arched axle structure and rear wheels at opposite ends thereof, affording vertical clearance, at the rear of the tractor, for a plant row extending parallel to said rear wheels centrally therebetween, rearward fastening means cooperating with a portion of said torque tube casing at the rear end of said tubular member and with aportion of said rear axle structure between said rear wheels to rigidly secure said tubular member of said torque tube casing to said axle structure in laterally spaced relation to at least one of said rear wheels, said engine unit and rear support being retained in fixed position relative to each other solely by said torque tube casing and by said forward and rearward fastening means, front supporting means for said engine unit cooperating with the latter and with the ground to afford substantially the same vertical clearance for said plant row at the front of the tractor, as afforded by said rear support, means for transmitting propelling power from said engine unit to said rear wheels including clutch mechanism adjacent to said engine unit, selective change speed mechanism adjacent to said rear support, and a propeller shaft extending longitudinally within said tubular member for connecting said clutch mechanism with said change speed mechanism; and an operator's seat adjacent to said rear support, having a seating surface between the plane of said one rear wheel and a vertical plane through the axis of said tubular member, said tubular member being of such reduced width with respect to said engine unit and of such length that an operator occupy a normal sitting osition on said seat, laterally onset with respect to said tubuiarmember towards said one rear wheel, may observe a ground area of substantial length longitudinally of the tractor directly below the axis of said tubular member.

27. In a tractor, a forward engine unit, a torque tube casing in rear of said engine unit having a circumferential wall portion forming a tubular member of substantial length longitudinally of the tractor and of relatively short width transversely of the tractor, forward fastening means cooperating with a forward portion of said torque tube casing and with .said engine unit to rigidly secure said torque tube casing to said engine unit, a rear support including an upwardly arched axle structure and rear wheels at opposite ends thereof, affording vertical clearance, at the rear of the tractor, for a plant row extending parallel to said rear wheels centrally therebetween, rearward fastening means cooperating with a portion of said torque tube casing at the rear end of said tubular member and with a portion of said rear axle structure between said rear wheels to rigidly secure said tubular member of said torque tube casing to said axle structure in laterally spaced relation to each of said rear wheels and centrally therebetween, said engine unit and rear support being retained in fixed position relative to each other solely by said torque tube casing and by'said forward and rearward fastening means, front supporting means for said engine unit cooperating with the latter and with the ground to adjacent to said engine unit, selective change afford substantially the same vertical clearance for said plant row at the front-of the tractor, as afforded by said rear support, means'for transmitting propelling power from said engine unit to said rear wheels including clutch mechanism adjacent to said engine unit, selective change speed mechanism adjacent to said rear support, and a propeller shaft extending longitudinally within said tubular member for connecting said clutch mechanism with said change speed mechanism; and an operators seat at the rear of said tubular member having a seating surface on a level above said tubular member and in the space between the planes of said rear wheels, said seating surface being of such extended width transversely of the tractor that an operator may optionally place himself thereon in a position in line with said tubular member or in a position laterally offset with respect to said tubular member towards one of said rear wheels, and said tubular member being of such reduced width with respect to said engine unit and of such length that the operator may observe, from either of said positions on said seat, a substantial length of said plant row between said rear support and said front supporting means.

28. In a tractor, a forward engine unit, a torque tube casing in rear of said engine unit having a circumferential wall portion forming a tubular member of substantial length longitudinally of the tractor and of relatively short width transversely of the tractor, forward fastening means cooperating with a forward portion of said torque tube casing and with said engine.

unit to rigidly secure said torque tube casing to said engine unit, a rear support including an upwardly arched axle structure and rear wheels at opposite ends thereof, affording vertical clearance, at the 'rear of the tractor, for a plant row extending parallel to said rear wheels centrally therebetween, rearward fastening means cooperating with a portion of said torque tube casing at the rear end of said tubular member and with a portion of said rear axle structure between said rear wheels to rigidly secure said tubular member of said torque tube casing to said axle structure in laterally spaced relation to each of said rear wheels and centrally therebetween, said engine unit and rear support being retained in fixed position relative to each other solely by said torque tube casing and by said forward and rearward fastening means, front supporting means for said engine unit cooperating with the latter and with the ground to afford substantially the same vertical clearance for said plant row at the front of the tractor, as afforded by said rear support, means for transmitting propelling power from said engine unit to said rear wheels including clutch mechanism speed mechanism adjacent to said rear support, and a propeller shaft extending-longitudinally within said tubular member for connecting said clutch mechanism with said change speed mechanism; a pair of fenders for said rear wheels having wall portions at the inner sides, respectively, of the latter, and an operators seat between said fenders having opposite side edges closely adjacent to said wall portions thereof,

. the distance between said fenders and the width of said seat being sufficiently great that an operator may optionally occupy a normal sitting position in line with said tubular member or one laterally offset from said tubular member towards either of said fenders, and said tubular member being of such reduced width with respect to said engine unit and of such length that the operator may observe, from any of said positions on said seat, a substantial length of said plant row between said rear support and said front supporting means.

29. A one-row-tractor comprising an engine unit, front wheels steerably mountedon opposite ends of an upwardly arched front axle having an upper transverse portion supportingly connected with said engine unit, a pair of rear wheels axially spaced from each other substantially the same distance as said front wheels,

an arched rear axle structure supported by and rear wheels, forward fastening means cooperating with a forward portion of said torque tube casing and with said engine unit, and rearward fastening means cooperating with a rearward portion of said torque tube casing and with said upper transverse portion of said rear axle structure to secure said torque tube casing to said engine unit and to said rear axle structure, respectively; said engine'unit and rear axle structure being retained in fixedposition relative to each other solely .by said torque tube casing and by said forward and rearward fastening means; power transmitting means driviogly connecting said engine unit with said rear wheels, said power transmitting means including a propeller shaft extending through said tubular portion of said torque tube casing, and selective change speed mechanism in rear of said tubular portion of said torque tube casing operatively connected with said propeller shaft; and an operators seat adjacent to said rear axle structure, having a seating surface between the plane of said one rear wheel and a vertical plane through the axis of said tubular portion of said torque tube casing, saidtubular portion being of such 'reduced width with respect to said engine unit' and of such length that an operator occupying a normal sitting position on said seat, laterally offset with respect to said tubular portion towards said one rear wheel, may observe a ground area of substantial length longitudinally of the 

